chapter 9, Advances in Computational Modeling of Sound Propagation in the Lungs and Torso with Diagnostic Applications

In Part 3: Modeling, Section 1: Biological Systems from: Biomedical Applications of Vibration and Acoustics in Therapy, Bioeffect and Modeling

Editor(s): Ahmed Al-Jumaily, Azra Alizad

Published: 2008

Author(s)/Editor(s): T. J. Royston, S. Acikgoz, M. B. Ozer, H. A. Mansy, R. H. Sandler

Chapter DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.802755.ch9

Chapter Page Count: 32 pages

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Front Matter

Part 1: Therapy, Section 1: Respiratory System
1. Oscillation of Airway Smooth Muscle as a Potential Non-Medicinal Treatment for Asthma

2. Oscillatory Ventilation in the Treatment of Neonatal Respiratory Diseases

Part 1: Therapy, Section 2: Nervous System
3. Ultrasound-Induced Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases across the Blood-Brain Barrier

Part 1: Therapy, Section 3: Cell Culture
4. Effects of Mechanical Vibration on Cultured Osteoblasts in Relation to Fracture Healing

5. Effects of Ultrasound Stimulation on Chondrocytes in Three-Dimensional Culture in Relation to the Production of Regenerative Cartilage Tissue

Part 2: Bioeffects
6. Risk Factors and Interventions Associated with Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome

7. Vibration and the Sensory System

Part 3: Modeling, Section 1: Biological Systems
8. Occlusion Identification and Relief within Branched Structures

9. Advances in Computational Modeling of Sound Propagation in the Lungs and Torso with Diagnostic Applications

10. An Investigation into the Dynamic Response of Vocal Folds

Part 3: Modeling, Section 2: Medical Devices
11. Acoustic Noise in MRI Scanners

12. Vibration in MRI Scanners

13. Nanomechanical Cantilever Biosensors: Conceptual Design, Recent Developments, and Practical Implementation

Back Matter

Preview

Chapter Contents

Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.1.1 Background
9.1.2 Objectives
9.2 Modeling Sound Transmission in the Bronchial Airways
9.2.1 Overview
9.2.2 Mathematical and Diagrammatic Description of the Subglottal Model
9.3 Acoustic Boundary Element Model of the Lung Parenchymae & Chest wall
9.3.1 Basic Theory
9.3.2 Coupled Boundary Conditions for Surrounding Shell-Like Structure
9.3.3 Simulating a Pneumothorax (PTX)
9.3.4. Coupling the Subglottal Airway Acoustic Model With the Parenchymae∕Chest Wall BE∕FE Model
9.4 Theoretical and Numerical Studies
9.4.1 Theoretical Study of the Effect of Pneumothorax on Airway Input Acoustic Impedance
9.4.2 Theoretical Validation of the BE Model
9.4.3 Numerical Validation of BE Model for PTX Case
9.5 Experimental Phantom Study to Evaluate Acoustic Boundary Element Model
9.5.1 Setup
9.5.2 Results and Discussion
9.6 Numerical Study of the Visible Human Male — Merging the Airway Model With the Lung∕Chest Model
9.6.1 Setup
9.6.2 Results and Discussion
9.7 Conclusion
References

Excerpt

Computational models for simulating sound propagation in the lungs and torso are developed and evaluated. A theoretical model for sound propagation in the airways is developed and coupled with an acoustic boundary element model for sound propagation in the lung parenchyma and a finite element model for sound propagation in the surrounding chest wall. Models are validated theoretically and numerically, and compared with experimental studies on lung-chest phantom models that simulate the lung pathology of pneumothorax. Studies quantify the effect of the simulated lung pathology on the resulting acoustic field. This work is relevant to the development of advanced auscultatory techniques for lung, vascular, and cardiac sounds within the torso, and may be useful in the development of a more effective educational tool for teaching stethoscopic skills in the future.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.802755.ch9